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 Supplemental
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Lamps & LEDs
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RERATING
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When
a lamp is to be operated at a voltage other than the
rated or design voltage, the rerated lamp specifications
Should be calculated to determine suitability for the
user's application. The following formulas assist in
predicting the rerated effect on luminous intensity,
endurance and current. Results are most reliable for
applied voltages close to the rated voltage.
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Rerated MSCP = Rated MSCP X
Applied Voltage/Rated Voltage
Rerated Life = Rated Life X Rated Voltage/Applied
Voltage
Rerated Current = Rated Current X Applied Voltage/Rated
Voltage
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For your convenience, the graph below illustrates the
way current, candlepower and life performance vary with
percent changes in applied voltage. The graphed values
are typical for miniature and subminiature lamps with
the average life based on rated voltages at 60 cycles
AC, in room temperature, and under static conditions.
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Source: General Instrument Chicago Miniature Brand Incandescent
and Neon Lamps, Catalog No. 8400-Rev 1, (Chicago, Illinois:
General Instrument Corporation), p. 3. |
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APPLICATION
CONSIDERATIONS
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LEDs
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Light
emitting diodes (LEDs) operate at relatively low current
and DC voltage levels and have virtually unlimited service
life. Their characteristics do not change significantly
with age, and they are not easily damaged by shock or
vibration. The light emitted is of relatively low intensity.
A variety of Nikkai's switches and indicators are offered
with red, green, yellow, or bicolor (red/green) LEDs.
They are used with red, green, or yellow lenses. Most
of the LEDs used in our products are single element
and usually require a ballast resistor connected in
series with the LED. Inaddition, we offer 5-, 12-, and
24-volt lamps with internal resistors in the YB series.
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Incadescent
Lamps
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Lamp
life is determined in a laboratory environment where
conditions are near perfect. Actual applications,
unlike the test environment, involve many factors
which can greatly affect the values listed in lamp
specifications. Of all the operating characteristics,
lamp life is the least predictable. The lamp filament
must deteriorate to produce illumination, and actual
life is a function of this unpredictable rate of deterioration.
Thus, exact life performance cannot be determined
for any incandescent lamp under any set of conditions.
Lamps perform at their maximum when used at their
rated AC voltages or below. There are many known conditions
or factors thataffect lamp life. Using the lamp in
abusive environments such as high ambient temperatures,
high shock and/or vibration, multiplexing lower than
400Hz, constant illumination, and DC voltage accelerates
deterioration of the Tungsten filament.
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Neon Lamps
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Neon
lamps are low-current, long life sources limited by
the high ionization voltage of neon (e80 volts) for
use in line voltage circuits. A series resistor is
required in all neon lamps for current limiting. Larger
lamps often include an integral resistor sized for
a specific voltage. Neon lamps glow with a low intensity,
amber light. Bright light and vivid colors are not
obtainable with neon lamps. Their typical1.5mA current
drain, better than 25,000-hour service life, and good
resistance to shock and vibration make them an excellent
alternative in many line voltage applications. For
best visibility they should be used with clear lenses
and diffusers. Other suitable colors are red, orange,
yellow, or white.
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LED
& Lamp Part Numbers For Each Series |
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PN
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TYPE
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SERIES
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AT070
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LED
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EB
M MB24
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AT602
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Incand
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LW
MLW
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AT602N
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Neon
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LW
MLW
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AT604
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Incand
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DLB
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AT604N
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Neon
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DLB
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AT607
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Incand
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LB
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| AT607N
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Neon |
LB |
| AT611 |
Incand |
KB
YB |
| AT614 |
LED |
KB
LB |
| AT615 |
Neon |
KB |
| AT616 |
LED |
HB |
| AT617
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LED
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EB
M MB24 |
| AT618 |
LED |
EB
M MB24 LB |
| AT621 |
LED |
YB
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| AT622
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LED
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MLW
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| AT624 |
LED |
HB
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| AT625 |
LED |
KB LB YB
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| AT626 |
LED |
LB
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| AT627 |
LED |
YB
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| AT628 |
LED |
KB YB
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| AT629 |
LED |
HB
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| AT630 |
LED |
HB
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| AT631 |
LED |
KB LB YB
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| AT632 |
LED |
KB LB YB
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| AT633 |
LED |
HB
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Ballast
Resistor Calculations & Recommendations
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If
the source voltage is greater than the rated voltage of a lamp
or LED, a ballast resistor must be connected in series with
the lamp. The following circuit diagram and formula will assist
in calculating the value of the required ballast resistor. Watt
recommendations provide a margin to reduce heat rise and increase
life. |
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5V |
6V |
9V |
12V |
14V |
16V |
18V |
22V |
24V |
28V |
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V
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mA
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1.65 | 25 | 130 1/4 | 180 1/2 | 300 1/2 | 430 1 | 510 1 | 560 1 | 680 2 | 820 2 | 910 2 | 1.1k 2 |
1.70 | 30 | 110 1/2 | 150 1/2 | 240 1 | 360 1 | 430 1 | 470 2 | 560 2 | 680 2 | 750 2 | 910 3 |
1.75 | 40 | 82 1/2 | 110 1/2 | 180 1 | 270 1 | 300 2 | 360 2 | 330 2 | 430 3 | 560 3 | 680 3 |
1.80 | 48 | 68 1/2 | 91 1 | 150 1 | 220 2 | 240 2 | 300 2 | 330 2 | 430 3 | 470 3 | 560 3 |
1.85 | 20 | 160 1/4 | 200 1/4 | 360 1 | 510 1 | 620 1 | 680 1 | 820 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.1K 1 | 1.3K 1 |
1.90 | 8 | 390 1/8 | 510 1/8 | 910 1/4 | 1.2k 1/4 | 1.5k 1/4 | 1.8k 1/4 | 2.0k 1/2 | 2.4k 1/2 | 2.7k 1/2 | 3.3k 1/2 |
1.90 | 15 | 220 1/8 | 270 1/4 | 470 1/2 | 680 1/2 | 820 1/2 | 910 1 | 1.1K 1 | 1.3K 1 | 1.5K 1 | 1.8K 1 |
1.90 | 16 | 200 1/4 | 220 1/4 | 430 1/2 | 620 1/2 | 750 1 | 910 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.2K 1 | 1.3K 1 | 1.6K 1 |
1.90 | 20 | 160 1/4 | 220 1/4 | 360 1/2 | 510 1/2 | 620 1 | 750 1 | 820 1 | 1.1K 1.5 | 1.1K 1.5 | 1.3K 1.5 |
1.90 | 26 | 120 1/4 | 160 1/2 | 300 1/2 | 390 1 | 470 1 | 560 1 | 620 1 | 820 2 | 910 2 | 1.1K 2 |
1.95 | 15 | 200 1/8 | 270 1/4 | 470 1/2 | 680 1/2 | 820 1/2 | 910 1 | 1.1K 1 | 1.3K 1 | 1.5K 1 | 1.8K 1 |
1.95 | 24 | 130 1/4 | 160 1/2 | 300 1/2 | 430 1 | 510 1 | 560 1 | 680 2 | 820 2 | 910 2 | 1.1K 2 |
1.96 | 16 | 200 1/4 | 240 1/4 | 430 1/2 | 620 1/2 | 750 1/2 | 910 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.3K 1 | 1.3K 1 | 1.6K 1 |
2.00 | 15 | 200 1/8 | 270 1/4 | 470 1/2 | 680 1/2 | 820 1 | 910 1 | 1.1K 1 | 1.3K 1 | 1.5K 1 | 1.8K 1 |
2.00 | 20 | 150 1/4 | 200 1/4 | 360 1/2 | 510 1 | 620 1 | 750 1 | 820 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.1K 1 | 1.3K 1 |
2.00 | 24 | 120 1/4 | 160 1/2 | 300 1/2 | 430 1 | 510 1 | 560 1 | 680 2 | 820 2 | 910 2 | 1.1K 2 |
2.00 | 25 | 120 1/4 | 160 1/2 | 270 1/2 | 390 1 | 470 1 | 560 1 | 620 2 | 820 2 | 910 2 | 1.1K 2 |
2.00 | 48 | 62 1/2 | 82 1/2 | 150 1 | 200 1 | 240 1 | 300 2 | 330 2 | 430 3 | 470 3 | 560 3 |
2.10 | 15 | 200 1/8 | 270 1/4 | 470 1/2 | 680 1/2 | 820 1 | 910 1 | 1.1K 1 | 1.3K 1 | 1.5K 1 | 1.8K 1 |
2.10 | 20 | 150 1/4 | 200 1/4 | 360 1/2 | 510 1 | 620 1 | 680 1 | 820 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.1K 1 | 1.3K 1 |
2.10 | 24 | 120 1/4 | 160 1/2 | 300 1/2 | 430 1 | 510 1 | 560 1 | 680 2 | 820 2 | 910 2 | 1.1K 2 |
2.10 | 25 | 120 1/4 | 160 1/2 | 270 1/2 | 390 1 | 470 1 | 560 1 | 620 2 | 820 2 | 910 2 | 1.1K 2 |
2.10 | 30 | 100 1/4 | 130 1/2 | 240 1 | 330 1 | 390 1 | 470 2 | 510 2 | 680 2 | 750 2 | 910 2 |
2.10 | 45 | 68 1/2 | 91 1/2 | 150 1 | 220 2 | 270 2 | 300 2 | 360 2 | 430 3 | 510 3 | 560 3 |
2.15 | 20 | 150 1/4 | 200 1/4 | 360 1/2 | 510 1 | 620 1 | 680 1 | 820 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.1K 1 | 1.3K 1 |
2.20 | 20 | 150 1/4 | 200 1/4 | 330 1/2 | 510 1 | 620 1 | 680 1 | 820 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.1K 1 | 1.3K 1 |
2.20 | 26 | 110 1/4 | 160 1/2 | 270 1/2 | 390 1 | 470 1 | 560 1 | 620 1 | 820 2 | 910 2 | 1.0K 2 |
2.20 | 30 | 91 1/2 | 130 1/2 | 220 1 | 330 1 | 390 1 | 470 2 | 510 2 | 680 2 | 750 2 | 820 3 |
2.25 | 20 | 150 1/4 | 200 1/4 | 360 1/2 | 510 1 | 620 1 | 750 1 | 820 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.1K 2 | 1.3K 2 |
2.35 | 40 | 68 1/2 | 91 1/2 | 160 1 | 240 1 | 300 2 | 330 2 | 390 2 | 510 3 | 560 3 | 620 3 |
2.80 | 20 | 110 1/4 | 160 1/4 | 330 1/2 | 470 1/2 | 560 1 | 680 1 | 750 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.1K 1 | 1.3K 1 |
3.50 | 20 | 75 1/4 | 120 1/8 | 270 1/4 | 430 1/2 | 560 1 | 620 1 | 750 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.1K 2 | 1.3K 2 |
3.60 | 20 | 68 1/8 | 120 1/8 | 270 1/2 | 430 1/2 | 510 1 | 620 1 | 750 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.1K 2 | 1.3K 2 |
3.60 | 30 | 47 1/8 | 82 1/4 | 180 1/2 | 270 1 | 360 1 | 430 1 | 470 2 | 620 2 | 680 2 | 820 2 |
3.80 | 30 | 39 1/8 | 75 1/4 | 180 1/2 | 270 1 | 330 1 | 430 1 | 470 2 | 620 2 | 680 2 | 820 2 |
3.90 | 30 | 36 1/8 | 68 1/4 | 180 1/2 | 270 1 | 330 1 | 390 1 | 470 2 | 620 2 | 680 2 | 820 2 |
4.00 | 30 | 33 1/8 | 68 1/4 | 130 1/2 | 270 1 | 330 1 | 390 1 | 470 2 | 620 2 | 680 2 | 820 2 |
4.20 | 20 | 39 1/8 | 91 1/8 | 240 1/4 | 390 1/2 | 510 1 | 620 1 | 680 1 | 910 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.2K 1 |
4.20 | 20 | 39 1/8 | 91 1/8 | 240 1/4 | 390 1/2 | 510 1 | 620 1 | 680 1 | 910 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.2K 1 |
4.30 | 20 | 36 1/8 | 82 1/8 | 240 1/4 | 390 1/2 | 470 1/2 | 560 1 | 680 1 | 910 1 | 1.0K 1 | 1.2K 1 |
4.40 | 26 | 24 1/8 | 62 1/4 | 180 1/2 | 300 1/2 | 390 1 | 470 1 | 560 1 | 680 1.5 | 750 1.5 | 910 1.5 |
5.00 | 12.5 | -- -- | 82 1/8 | 330 1/2 | 160 1 | 560 1/4 | 910 1/2 | 1.1K 1 | 1.5K 1 | | |
